Multiplication rule (independent events)

For independent events the rule is $P(A \cap B) = P(A)P(B)$, where $\cap$ is the intersection symbol (A and B). Independence means learning that one event happened does not change the probability of the other, so the second factor never has to be adjusted. Flipping a fair coin and rolling a fair die are independent, so $P(\text{heads and a 6}) = 0.5 \times 1/6 = 1/12 \approx 0.0833$. If the events are not independent you must use the general multiplication rule with a conditional probability instead.