Convenience sample

A convenience sample includes whichever individuals are easiest to reach, rather than selecting them through any random process.

A convenience sample takes the members who are simplest to access, so it usually fails to represent the population and tends to be biased. For example, surveying only your own friends about a school policy is a convenience sample. Because the selection is not random, there is no way to know the direction or size of the bias, and standard error formulas do not apply. Ease of collection does not make up for a lack of randomness.

More collecting data and study design terms, or browse the full statistics glossary.