sample standard deviation (s)

4.4721

Variance: 20

Steps

  1. 1.n = 5, mean = (4 + 7 + 8 + 10 + 16) / 5 = 9
  2. 2.deviations from the mean: -5, -2, -1, 1, 7
  3. 3.squared deviations: 25, 4, 1, 1, 49
  4. 4.sum of squared deviations = 80
  5. 5.variance = 80 / 4 = 20 (divide by n - 1 for a sample)
  6. 6.standard deviation = sqrt(20) = 4.4721

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